Compositions for Delivering Perfume to the Skin

ABSTRACT

A cleansing composition comprising at least 5% of a surfactant, at least about 25% water, a cyclodextrin complex comprising a perfume, wherein 80% of the plurality of perfume raw materials comprise a FDV of at least 0.69.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cleansing the skin is an activity that has been done for millennia. Overtime, skin cleansing and related methods for cleansing skin haveinvolved the utilization of soap, surfactants, and the like. Today, oneprevalent form of skin cleansing compositions is the liquid form, oftenknown as body wash. Users of body wash enjoy the conveniences that thesecompositions offer; however, the experience is not ideal. As thecompositions for cleaning skin have evolved, the problems associatedwith these compositions have not. Many of the issues associated withcurrent compositions and methods for skin cleansing, particularly bodywash compositions, have not been addressed, and remain issues for usersof these products today.

Perfumes are often associated with body washes. These perfumes perform anumber of tasks. Perfumes within a body wash composition cover and/ormask the smell of a body wash composition with a scent pleasing to auser. Perfumes within a body wash composition also signal the efficacyof the product to a user. Additionally, perfumes within a body washcomposition are delivered, in very small quantities, to the skin.

While perfumes within a body wash are delivered to the skin, thedelivery of these compositions is executed rather poorly. The vastmajority of the perfume within the body wash composition is rinsed awayduring the cleansing of the user, leaving very little perfume depositedon the skin to provide a benefit to the user. Moreover, the benefit tothe user of this perfume deposition is not maximized, as the release ofthese materials begins immediately after deposition, presumably whilethe user is still fresh from the associated cleansing.

As such, there is a need to provide a body wash with a perfumecomposition that is long lasting. Specifically, there is a need toprovide a body wash with a perfume composition that deposits moreefficiently and is capable of lasting beyond the initial cleansing ofthe user. This invention addresses these needs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, there is a cleansing composition comprising at least5% of a surfactant, at least about 25% water, a cyclodextrin complexcomprising a perfume, said perfume comprising a pluralaity of perfumeraw materials, at least one of which is selected from Iso-E_Super,methyl ionone, a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, Labienone Oxim, Cashmeran,delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone, Damascenone,_trans-,and alpha-Damascone wherein 80% of the plurality of perfume rawmaterials comprise a FDV of at least 0.70. In an alternate embodiment,there is a cleansing composition for delivering a dilution triggeredbloom of a perfume comprising: at least 5% of a surfactant, at leastabout 25% water a cyclodextrin complex comprising a perfume, saidperfume comprising perfume raw materials, at least one of whichcomprises a FDV of at least about 0.70 wherein the ratio of water tocyclodextrin complex is between about 15:1 and 1:1, wherein thecleansing composition comprises a ARDON value of at least 130%. In yetanother embodiment, there is a cleansing composition comprising at least5% of a surfactant, at least about 25% water, a cyclodextrin complexcomprising a perfume, said perfume comprising a pluralaity of perfumeraw materials, at least one of which is selected from Iso-E_Super,methyl ionone, a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, Labienone Oxim, Cashmeran,delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone, Damascenone,_trans-,and alpha-Damascone, wherein 80% of the plurality of perfume rawmaterials comprise a FDV of at least 0.70, wherein the ratio of water tocyclodextrin complex is between about 15:1 and 1:1, wherein thecleansing composition comprises a ARDON value of at least 130%. In yetanother embodiment, there is a cleansing composition comprising: atleast 5% of a surfactant, at least about 25% water, a cyclodextrincomplex comprising a perfume, said perfume comprising a pluralaity ofperfume raw materials, at least one of which is selected fromIso-E_Super, methyl ionone, a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, LabienoneOxim, Cashmeran, delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone,Damascenone,_trans-, and alpha-Damascone, wherein the cyclodextrincomplex has a degree of complexation of at least 90% prior toincorporation into the cleansing composition.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating dilution related to lamellar volume.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm”.

All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, inrelevant part, incorporated herein by reference; the citation of anydocument is not to be construed as an admission that it is prior artwith respect to the present invention. To the extent that any meaning ordefinition of a term in this written document conflicts with any meaningor definition of the term in a document incorporated by reference, themeaning or definition assigned to the term in this written documentshall govern.

While the specification concludes with the claims particularly pointingand distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed that the presentinvention will be better understood from the following description.

The devices, apparatuses, methods, components, and/or compositions ofthe present invention can include, consist essentially of, or consistof, the components of the present invention as well as other ingredientsdescribed herein. As used herein, “consisting essentially of” means thatthe devices, apparatuses, methods, components, and/or compositions mayinclude additional ingredients, but only if the additional ingredientsdo not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of theclaimed devices, apparatuses, methods, components, and/or compositions.

All percentages and ratios used herein are by weight of the totalcomposition and all measurements made are at 25° C., unless otherwisedesignated.

All measurements used herein are in metric units unless otherwisespecified.

The term “anhydrous” as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refersto those compositions or materials containing less than about 10%, morepreferably less than about 5%, even more preferably less than about 3%,even more preferably zero percent, by weight of water.

The term “multiphase” as used herein means that compositions comprise atleast two phases which are chemically distinct (e.g. a surfactant phaseand a benefit phase). Such phases are in direct physical contact withone another and are not separated by a barrier. In one aspect of theinvention, the personal care composition can be a multiphase personalcare composition where the phases of the personal care composition areblended or mixed to a significant degree. In another aspect of theinvention, the personal care composition can be a multiphase personalcare composition where the phases of the personal care composition aremade to occupy separate but distinct physical spaces inside the packagein which they are stored, but are in direct contact with one another(i.e., they are not separated by a barrier and they are not emulsifiedor mixed to any significant degree).

The term “package” includes any suitable container for a personal carecompositions exhibiting a viscosity from about 1,500 centipoise (cP) toabout 1,000,000 cP, including but not limited to bottle, tottle, tube,jar, non-aerosol pump and mixtures thereof.

The term “personal care composition” as used herein, refers tocompositions intended for topical application to the skin or hair. Thecompositions of the present invention are rinse-off formulations, inwhich the product is applied topically to the skin or hair and then issubsequently rinsed within minutes from the skin or hair with water, orotherwise wiped off using a substrate with deposition of a portion ofthe composition. The compositions also may be used as shaving aids. Thepersonal care composition of the present invention is typicallyextrudable or dispensible from a package. The multiphase personal carecompositions typically exhibit a viscosity of from about 1,500centipoise (cP) to about 1,000,000 cP, as measured by as measured by theViscosity Method as described in the commonly owned, patent applicationpublished on Nov. 11, 2004 under U.S. Publication No. 2004/0223991A1entitled “Multi-phase Personal Care Compositions” filed on May 7, 2004by Wei, et al. The multiphase personal care compositions of the presentinvention can be in the form of liquid, semi-liquid, cream, lotion orgel compositions intended for topical application to skin. Examples ofpersonal care compositions of the present invention can include but arenot limited to shampoo, conditioning shampoo, body wash, moisturizingbody wash, shower gels, skin cleansers, cleansing milks, hair and bodywash, in shower body moisturizer, pet shampoo, shaving preparations andcleansing compositions used in conjunction with a disposable cleansingcloth.

The phrase “substantially free of” as used herein, unless otherwisespecified means that the composition comprises less than about 5%,preferably less than about 3%, more preferably less than about 1% andmost preferably less than about 0.1% of the stated ingredient. The term“free of” as used herein means that the composition comprise 0% of thestated ingredient that is the ingredient has not been added to thecomposition, however, these ingredients may incidentally form as abyproduct or a reaction product of the other components of thecomposition.

The term “stable,” as used herein, means that the multiphase personalcare composition comprises less than 10% “third-phase” volume, morepreferably less than 5% “third-phase” volume, most preferably less than1% “third-phase” volume after undergoing the rapid protocol aging andthird phase measurement as described below in the “Third-Phase” Method.

The term “structured,” as used herein means having a rheology thatconfers stability on the multiphase composition. The degree of structureis determined by characteristics determined by one or more of thefollowing methods: the Young's Modulus Method, Yield Stress Method, orthe Zero Shear Viscosity Method or by the Ultracentrifugation Method,all in the Test Methods below. Accordingly, a surfactant phase of themultiphase composition of the present invention is considered“structured,” if the surfactant phase has one or more of the followingproperties described below according to the Young's Modulus Method,Yield Stress Method, or the Zero Shear Viscosity Method or by theUltracentrifugation Method. A surfactant phase is considered to bestructured, if the phase has one or more of the followingcharacteristics:

A. a Zero Shear Viscosity of at least about 100 Pascal-seconds (Pa-s),alternatively at least about 200 Pa-s, alternatively at least about 500Pa-s, alternatively at least about 1,000 Pa-s, alternatively at leastabout 1,500 Pa-s, alternatively at least about 2,000 Pa-s; or

B. a Structured Domain Volume Ratio as measured by theUltracentrifugation Method described hereafter, of greater than about40%, preferably at least about 45%, more preferably at least about 50%,more preferably at least about 55%, more preferably at least about 60%,more preferably at least about 65%, more preferably at least about 70%,more preferably at least about 75%, more preferably at least about 80%,even more preferably at least about 85%; or most preferably at leastabout 90%.

C. A Young's Modulus of greater than about 2 Pascal (Pa), morepreferably greater than about 10 Pa, even more preferably greater thanabout 20 Pa, still more preferably greater than about 30 Pa, 40 Pa, 50Pa, 75 Pa, most preferably greater than 100 Pa.

The term “surfactant component” as used herein means the total of allanionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants ina phase. When calculations are based on the surfactant component, waterand electrolyte are excluded from the calculations involving thesurfactant component, since surfactants as manufactured typically arediluted and neutralized.

The term “STnS” as used herein, means sodium trideceth sulfate, where nis defined as the average number of moles of ethoxylate per molecule.Trideceth is a 13 carbon branched ethoxylated hydrocarbon comprising, inone embodiment, an average of at least 1 methyl branch per molecule.

The term “SLS” as used herein, means sodium lauryl sulfate.

The term “lather” as used herein, means the aerated foam which resultsfrom providing energy to aqueous surfactant mixtures, especially dilutemixtures. Lather is increased in micellar compositions compared tostructured, e.g., lamellar compositions, so that a phase change duringdilution to micelles typically increases lather.

As used herein “tottle” refers to a bottle which rests on neck or mouthwhich its contents are filled in and dispensed from, but it is also theend upon which the bottle is intended to rest or sit upon (e.g., thebottle's base) for storage by the consumer and/or for display on thestore shelf (this bottle is referred to herein as a “tottle”).Typically, the closure on a tottle is flat or concave, such that thetottle, when stored, rests on the closure. Suitable tottles aredescribed in the co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/067,443filed on Feb. 25, 2005 to McCall, et al, entitled “Multi-phase PersonalCare Compositions, Process for Making and Providing, and Article ofCommerce.”

The term “visually distinct” as used herein, refers to a region of themultiphase personal care composition having one average composition, asdistinct from another region having a different average composition,wherein the regions are visible to the unaided naked eye. This would notpreclude the distinct regions from comprising two similar phases whereone phase could comprise pigments, dyes, particles, and various optionalingredients, hence a region of a different average composition. A phasegenerally occupies a space or spaces having dimensions larger than thecolloidal or sub-colloidal components it comprises. A phase can also beconstituted or re-constituted, collected, or separated into a bulk phasein order to observe its properties, e.g., by centrifugation, filtrationor the like.

One embodiment of the current invention relates to a cleansingcomposition comprising at least about 5% of a surfactant, at least about25% water, and a cyclodextrin complex comprising a perfume composition,said perfume composition comprising at least one perfume raw materialselected from Iso-E_Super, methyl ionone (Xandralia), a-Irone,gamma_methyl_ionone, 10% Labienone Oxim (labienoxime) in DPG, Cashmeran,delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone, Damascenone,_trans-,and alpha-Damasconehere, wherein the complex has a degree ofcomplexation of at least 90% prior to incorporation into the body washformulation, wherein 80% of the perfume raw materials have a degree ofcomplex retention greater than 50% after incorporation into the bodywash composition, wherein the ratio of water to cyclodextrin complex isbetween about 15:1 and 1:1 within the body wash composition.

With out wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed thatcyclodextrin-fragrance complexes release based on a dilution ratio(ratio of water:cyclodextrin-fragrance complex). Surprisingly, we havefound that the dilution ratio required for release of a fragrance ishigh enough as to enable formulation of a stable neat fragrance complexin an aqueous surfactant environment yet release on further dilution inthe shower (to create the surprising effect of changing fragrancecharacter during the shower) or releasing much later in the day on skin.The ability to tailor release by the effect desired is highly dependenton the perfume molecule choice and the strength of the cyclodextrincomplex formed. The strength of the complex formed requires that onestart with a fragrance molecule that is highly bound using a complexformation technology that achieves a high degree of complexation andsecond, requires the selection of perfume molecules with a high bindingaffinity within the cyclodextrin cavity. The binding affinity offragrance molecules within the cyclodextrin cavity is governed by howwell the perfume molecule fits (based on molecule size, shape andchemical affinity for the interior of the cyclodextrin cavity). We havelearned that with careful selection of perfume molecules, we can tailorthis release to deliver the desired consumer effects through choicefulselection of high binding fragrance molecules that are formed using acomplexation technology that highly binds the materials.

Without wishing to be bound by theory, there is another example wheremanipulation of the binding affinity of cyclodextrin is useful. This isin the case where it is desired to hide a high odor compound eventhrough the dilution stage, yet still deliver on dilution the ability toactivate sensory receptors in the scalp. One such highly usefulcombination is when menthol and cyclodextrin are complexed andincorporated into antidandruff products.

For example in the case of hair care products, including thosecontaining zinc pyridinethione, when menthol is complexed withcyclodextrin, because of the high binding affinity of the complex in ashampoo, the menthol is relatively odorless. Surprisingly, while the“tingling” effect of menthol can be felt on the scalp during/afterapplication, there is no smell of menthol. Thus, this complexsurprisingly indicates efficacy vis-à-vis the tingling effect, with noneof the negative menthol smell. This tingling sensation is unique becauseit signals efficacy on the surface of the scalp, which is particularlyuseful for antidandruff products, without the negative menthol smell,which limits the commercial utility of using menthol broadly in Haircare products.

Perfume Raw Materials

The perfume of the present invention comprises perfume raw materials(PRMs) that are retained by the cyclodextrin complex. PRMs of thepresent invention comprise a Fractional Delivery Value (FDV) of at leastabout 0.69, alternatively at least about 0.80. Table 1 includes a listof acceptable (PRMs) of the present invention along with the FractionalDelivery Values (FDF) of the PRMs. In an alternate embodiment, the PRMsof the present invention include Iso-E_Super, methyl ionone (Xandralia),a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, 10% Labienone Oxim (labienoxime) in DPG,Cashmeran, delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone,Damascenone,_trans-, and alpha-Damascone, all of which have a FDV atleast about 0.70.

Exemplary PRM and their associated FDV are in Table 1, below. One ofordinary skill would readily know that this list is not exhaustive andthat there may be additional PRM's having an FDV of at least about 0.69.

TABLE 1 Perfume Raw Material FDV Sclareol oxide 0.88 Kephalis 0.86Maltyl_isobutyrate 0.84 Floramat 0.83 Cyclohexanecarboxylic_acid,_2,2,6-0.82 trimethyl-,_ethyl_ester,_(1R,6S)-rel- Patchouli_alcohol 0.81o-tert-Butylcyclohexyl_acetate (verdox) 0.81 Givescone 0.813,6-Dimethyl-3-octanyl_acetate 0.81 Acetic_acid,_hexylene_glycol 0.81Thujopsene 0.80 (+)-D-Menthyl_acetate 0.80 Isomenthyl_acetate 0.80Menthyl acetate; 0.80 dl-MENTHYL_ACETATE 0.80 Menthyl_Acetate 0.80Tetrahydrolinalyl_acetate 0.80 Alicate 0.80 Dihydroterpinyl_acetate 0.80Rosamusk 0.79 Amber_acetate 0.79 Butylated_hydroxytoluene 0.79 Koavone0.79 3-Thujopsanone 0.78 alpha-Himachalene 0.78 beta-Himachalene 0.78Ethyl beta-safranate 0.78 Ethyl_gamma-Safranate 0.78Ethyl_alpha-safranate 0.78 alpha-Terpinyl_Acetate 0.78 gamma-Himachalene0.78 beta-Himachalene Oxide 0.78 Vertenex 0.774-tert.Butylcyclohexylacetate 0.77 alpha-Terpinyl propionate 0.77Trichloromethyl_phenyl_carbinyl_acetate 0.77 alpha-COPAENE 0.77g-Terpineol_acetate 0.77 Vanoris 0.77 Sclareolate 0.77 Iso-E_Super 0.77.beta.-Georgywood 0.77 Caryolan-1-ol 0.77 Boisiris 0.772-isopropyl-N,2,3-trimethylbutyramide 0.76 Selina-3,7(11)-diene 0.76Zonarene 0.76 Delta Amorphene 0.76 delta-Cadinene 0.76 beta-Copaene 0.76Bigarade oxide 0.76 tobacco dodecane 0.76 Dihydrocarveol acetate 0.76alpha-Cadinene 0.76 alpha-Muurolene 0.76 alpha-Amorphene 0.76 Valerianol0.75 gamma-Eudesmol 0.75 10-epi-gamma-Eudesmol 0.75 Hexyl_Neopentanoate0.75 beta-Terpinyl_acetate 0.75 Octalynol 0.75 alpha-Cadinol 0.75tau-Muurolol 0.75 tau-Cadinol 0.75 Tetrahydroionol 0.757-eip-alpha-Eudesmol 0.75 alpha-Eudesmol 0.75 delta-Elemene 0.75Clarycet 0.75 Isopentyrate 0.75 Valencene 0.75 Linalyl_isobutyrate 0.747-epi-alpha-Selinene 0.74 alpha-Selinene 0.74 gamma-Muurolene 0.74gamma-Cadinene 0.74 beta-Caryophyllene 0.74 Ozofleur 0.74 Elemol 0.74Linalyl_acetate 0.74 Herbavert 0.747-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin 0.74 Isoamyl isobutyrate 0.74Linalyl_propionate 0.74 Methyl Camomille 0.74 Carvyl acetate 0.74alpha-Humulene 0.73 Germacrene B 0.73 alpha,4-Dimethyl_benzenepropanal0.73 alpha-Isomethylionone 0.73 Isoamyl_angelate 0.73 Frutinat 0.73Oxyoctaline formate 0.73 Lavandulyl_acetate 0.73 beta-Selinene 0.73Isopropyl_2-methylbutyrate 0.73 Dihydro-beta-ionone 0.73 Floralate 0.73Cashmeran 0.73 N-ethyl-p-menthane-3- 0.72 carboxamide a-Iron 0.72Isobutyl angelate 0.72 Hexyl 2-methylbutanoate 0.72 Dihydro-alpha-ionone0.72 Timberol 0.72 Isobutyl_caproate 0.72 beta-Damascone_(E- 0.72configuration) beta-Damascone 0.72 alpha-Vetivone 0.72 Hexyl_isobutyrate0.72 Dimethyl Octanyl Acetate 0.72 gamma_methyl_ionone 0.72Linalyl_butyrate 0.72 Herboxane 0.72 Cetonal 0.72 Grisalva 0.721-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-2-cyclohexen- 0.71 1-yl)-2-buten-1-onealpha-Damascone 0.71 Nopyl_acetate 0.71 p-tert-Amyl_cyclohexanol 0.71alpha-Bergamotene 0.71 Isopentyl butyrate 0.71 delta-damascone 0.71Germacrene_D 0.71 1,1,2,3,3-Pentamethylindan 0.71 Rossitol 0.71Myrcenyl_acetate 0.71 Datilat 0.71 Undecanolide 0.71Pentanoic_acid,_2-methyl-,_(—) 0.71 ethyl_ester (manzanate) Eucalyptol0.70 beta-Ionone 0.70 Beta ionone epoxide 0.70 4-tert-Amylcyclohexanone0.70 Tetrahydrolinalool (Tetrahydro 0.70 Linalool) Amber butanol (AmberCore) 0.70 Vetikol acetate 0.70 Hexyl_tiglate 0.70 gamma-Damascone 0.70Nootkatone 0.70 alpha-Ionone 0.70 trans-2-tert-Butylcyclohexanol 0.70Verdol 0.70 Wolfwood 0.70 Pomarose 0.70 6,8-dimethyl-2-nonanol 0.70Jasmal 0.70 methyl ionone (Xandralia) 0.70cis-3-Hexenyl_2-methylbutyrate 0.70 Tetrahydromyrcenol 0.70 Maceal 0.70Diethyl_malonate 0.70 Citronellyl_acetate 0.70Dimethylbenzylcarbinylacetate 0.70 delta-Decalactone 0.70Methyl-beta-ionone 0.70 Boronal 0.70 10% Labienone Oxim 0.70(labienoxime) in DPG Damascenone,_trans- 0.70 2-Buten-1-one,_1-(2,6,6-0.70 trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadien-1- yl)- Caryophyllene_alcohol_acetate0.70 Isodamascone 0.70 Ethyl_3,7-dimethyl-2,6- 0.69 octadienoate Gelsone0.69 Cyclemone A 0.69 delta-Undecalactone 0.69 Isopentyl_propanoate 0.69Verdural B Extra 0.69 5-Acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,6- 0.69 hexamethylindanDiethyl_phthalate 0.69 Veltonal 0.69 alpha-methyl_ionone 0.69 Menthone1,2-glycerol ketal 0.69 (racemic) Dihydro_Terpineol 0.69 Patchone 0.69Ethyl_octanoate 0.69 Limetol 0.69 Oxane 0.69 alpha-Agarofuran 0.69n-Pentyl_butyrate 0.69 para-Menthane 0.69 Phellandrene 0.69Cyclohexane,_1-methyl-4-(1- 0.69 methylethyl)-,_cis-3-Hexenyl_isovalerate 0.69 Menthol 0.69 Cyclohexanol,_5-methyl-2-(1-0.69 methylethyl)-,_(1.al neo-Menthol 0.69 (+)-D-Menthol 0.69(−)-Menthol 0.69 d-Neomenthol 0.69 Isononyl acetate 0.69 cis-Pinane 0.69Ethyl_heptoate (Ethyl 0.69 Oenanthate) Tabanone 0.693,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol 0.69 p-Cresyl_isobutyrate 0.69

It is contemplated that PRMs having a FDV of lower than about 0.69(L-PRM) may be used in combination with PRMs having a FDV of at leastabout 0.69 (H—PRM). Such a configuration enables the delivery of L-PRMsbefore a dilution triggered step, as these materials are less bound tothe cyclodextrin. As such, the delivery of materials can be controlledwithin a perfume and product, depending on the characteristics desiredfor the perfume delivery. When staged delivery of PRMs is desired, theratio of H—PRM to L-PRM is between about 1:2 to about 2:1, alternativelybetween about 1:4 and 4:1.

The ARDON test has been developed as a mechanism to determine whetherthe overall perfume release mechanism utilizes complexed cyclodextrinswithin a body wash chassis. In this way, the presence of PRMs withsufficiently high FDV values can be determined without the need to testfor each individual PRM to determine its presence or without knowing thefinal formulation of the end product. Without wishing to be bound bytheory, it is believed that the dilution of the product when containingcyclodextrin and H—PRMs results in a significantly higher ARDON valuethan products without either cyclodextrin or H—PRMs within theirchassis. This mechanism allows for the testing of products to determinethe delivery mechanisms without needing to know the chemical compositionof the product. The current invention utilizes compositions having anARDON value of at least about 130%, alternatively at least about 140%,alternatively at least about 150%.

Surfactant Phase

One of the phases of the personal care composition of the presentinvention is a surfactant phase. The sufactant phase is comprised of astructured domain that comprises a surfactant and optionally acosurfactant. The structured domain is preferably an opaque structureddomain, which is preferably a lamellar phase. The lamellar phase canprovide resistance to shear, adequate yield to suspend particles anddroplets and at the same time provides long term stability, since it isthermodynamically stable. The lamellar phase tends to have a viscositythat minimizes the need for viscosity modifiers.

In one embodiment, the personal care compositions of the presentinvention comprise from about 3% to about 20% STnS, alternatively fromabout 5% to about 15% STnS, alternatively from about 7% to about 13%STnS, alternatively from about 5% to about 13% STnS, alternatively fromabout 1% to about 13% STnS.

It has been discovered that STnS having fewer than 3 moles ofethoxylation provides surprising structural improvements. FIG. 1illustrates these improvements by comparing a composition comprising,ST1S, ST2S, and ST3S. At increasing levels of dilution, ST3S begins totransition from a lamellar structure to a micellar structure beginningat about the 19% surfactant level. As such, dilution beyond this levelresults in a loss of structure. This loss of structure has, until now,necessitated higher concentrations of surfactant to be present within apackage. ST2S compositions can remain well structured until a dilutionpoint of 13% surfactant within this example, allowing for the transitionto a more micellar structure at much higher dilution levels. ST1Scompositions can remain lamellar at even lower surfactantconcentrations.

While sodium trideceth sulfate has been disclosed and commercialized,the utilization and benefits of sodium trideceth sulfate having lowerethoxylation values have been unknown, a rationale further supported bythe general popularity of ST3S within commercially available products,and the lack of commercial availability of lower ethoxylation products.It is this unknown and surprising result that enables various benefitsof the personal care compositions of the present invention, includingimproved stability, mildness, compatibility, and lather creation.

Without intending to be limited by theory, the rationale for improvedfunction of STnS, where n is below 3, can be illustrated utilizingdissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations. As related to STnS,surfactant aggregates form curved surfaces based on the surfactant shapeand interactions between molecules, leading to surfactant architectureswhich are phases; and to degree of structure of a phase as measured byrheology parameters such as zero shear viscosity. To measure the amountof surfactant curvature, molecular simulations were carried out usingDPD by breaking surfactant atoms into beads, where a bead representstypically 3-4 heavy atoms. Simulations were performed in a cube cellwith an edge length of approximately 25 nm. The compositions of thesimulation boxes varied in average amount of ethoxylation (n=0 to 3) ofSTnS. Assembly of surfactants into aggregates starting from randompositions was observed during the course of the simulations. DPDCurvature was computed as an average curvature over multiple independentsimulations for the surfactant head group-water surface of all resultingobjects in a simulation frame, including all bilayers and micelles, andis a relative measure of the average deviation of the colligativesurfactant head group surface from flat. DPD Curvature of zero are flatlayers with edge defects, which do not form multilamellar vesicles andhence are not expected to exhibit structured rheology, e.g., high zeroshear viscosity. At DPD Curvature of about 0.07 and higher, elongatedmicelle structures are observed to form. At intermediate DPD curvature,curved bilayers can form multilamellar vesicles, leading to high zeroshear viscosity and stable compositions.

Often, STnS is combined with SLS in order to form a surfactant system.In one embodiment, the personal care compositions of the presentinvention comprise less than about 5% SLS, alternatively less than about4% SLS, alternatively less than about 3% SLS, alternatively less thanabout 2% SLS, alternatively less than about 1% SLS, alternativelybetween about 0.1% SLS and about 2% SLS, alternatively about 0% SLS.Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the presenceof SLS increases the harshness of the personal care composition,negating at least in part the mildness benefits and/or the efficacy ofthe benefit agents within the personal care composition.

Cosurfactant

The personal care compositions of the present invention furthercomprises a cosurfactant. Cosurfactants in the present inventioncomprise from about 0.1% to 20%, alternatively from about 2% to about10% of the personal care composition. Cosurfactants of the presentinvention comprise amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, andmixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the personal care compositioncomprises at least one amphoteric surfactant. Amphoteric surfactantsuitable for use in the present invention include those that are broadlydescribed as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines inwhich the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain andwherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group,e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examplesof compounds falling within this definition are sodium3-dodecyl-aminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate,sodium lauryl sarcosinate, N-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared byreacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teachingof U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072, N-higher alkyl aspartic acids such as thoseproduced according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091, and theproducts described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378. In one aspect, themultiphase personal care composition can comprise an amphotericsurfactant that is selected from the group consisting of sodiumlauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoactetate, disodium lauroamphoacetatedisodium cocodiamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof. Moreover,amphoacetates and diamphoacetates can also be used.

Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include those that are broadlydescribed as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium,and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straightor branched chain, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituentscontains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains ananionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, orphosphonate. Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use in themultiphase, personal care composition include betaines, includingcocoamidopropyl betaine.

Associative Polymer

In one embodiment, the associative polymer is a crosslinked, alkaliswellable, associative polymer comprising acidic monomers andassociative monomers with hydrophobic end groups, whereby the polymercomprises a percentage hydrophobic modification and a hydrophobic sidechain comprising alkyl functional groups having a length. Withoutintending to be limited by theory, it is believed that the acidicmonomers contribute to the ability of the polymer to swell in water uponneutralization of the acidic groups; and associative monomers anchor thepolymer into structured surfactant hydrophobic domains, e.g., lamellae,to confer structure to the surfactant compositions and keep the polymerfrom collapsing and losing effectiveness in the presence of electrolyte.The crosslinked, associative polymer comprises a percentage hydrophobicmodification, which is the mole percentage of monomers expressed as apercentage of the total number of all monomers in the polymer backbone,including both acidic and other non-acidic monomers. The percentagehydrophobic modification of the polymer, hereafter % HM, can bedetermined by the ratio of monomers added during synthesis, or byanalytical techniques such as proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).The alkyl side chain length can be determined similarly. Monomerscomprising only 2 or fewer alkyl hydrocarbons (e.g., ethyl, methyl) arenot considered associative for the purposes of the present invention,all side chains having more than 2 carbons being associative.Associative alkyl side chains comprise for example butyl, propyl,stearyl, steareth, cetyl, lauryl, laureth, octyl, behenyl, beheneth,steareth, or other linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl oralketh hydrocarbon side chains.

It has been discovered that crosslinked, associative polymers havingpreferred % HM and preferred carbon numbers of the hydrophobic endgroups of the alkyl side chains provide significant enhancement ofstructure to structured surfactant compositions of the presentinvention, especially to inventive compositions comprising reducedlevels of surfactant; and provide said structure at surprisingly lowlevels of polymer structurant. Concentrations of associative polymer ofup to 5% or even 10% are taught in the art to obtain a sufficient amountstructure, for example the exemplary compositions of U.S. Pat. Nos.7,119,059 (Librizzi, et al) and 6,897,253 (Schmucker-Castner, et al).Inventors have found when the associative polymer % HM and the alkylside chain number of carbons is optimized, structure of the aqueousstructured surfactant phase is increased using only less than 3 wt %associative polymer as a percentage of the aqueous structured surfactantphase, preferably less than 2%, more preferably less than 1%, and evenonly about 0.2% of the phase, as demonstrated by the inventive exampleshereinbelow.

The acidic monomer can comprise any acid functional group, for examplesulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate, phosphonate, or phosphate or mixturesof acid groups. In one embodiment, the acidic monomer comprises acarboxylate, alternatively the acidic monomer is an acrylate, includingacrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid. The acidic monomer comprises apolymerizable structure, e.g., vinyl functionality. Mixtures of acidicmonomers, for example acrylic acid and methacrylic acid monomermixtures, are useful.

The associative monomer comprises a hydrophobic end group and apolymerizable component, e.g., vinyl, which are attached. Thehydrophobic end group can be attached to the polymerizable component,hence to the polymer chain, by different means but preferably isattached by an ether or ester or amide functionality, such as an alkylacrylate or a vinyl alkanoate monomer. The hydrophobic end group canalso be separated from the chain, for example by an alkoxy ligand suchas an alkyl ether. In one embodiment, the associative monomer is analkyl ester, alternatively an alkyl(meth)acrylate, where (meth)acrylateis understood to mean either methyl acrylate or acrylate or mixtures ofthe two.

In one embodiment, the hydrophobic end group of the associative polymeris incompatible with the aqueous phase of the composition and associateswith the lathering surfactant hydrophobe components of the currentinvention. Without intending to be limited by theory, it is believedthat the longer alkyl chains of the structuring polymer hydrophobe endgroups increase incompatibility with the aqueous phase to enhancestructure, whereas somewhat shorter alkyl chains having carbon numbersclosely resembling lathering surfactant hydrophobes (e.g., 12 to 14carbons) or multiples thereof (for bilayers, e.g.) are also effective,so a range of preferred materials balancing these opposing requirements,limited by solubility of the total molecule itself, is ideal. Polymershaving short alkyl side chains, e.g., less than 6 carbons, areineffective for the present invention. Inventors have discovered anideal range of hydrophobic end group carbon numbers combined with anoptimal percentage of hydrophobic monomers expressed as a percentage ofthe polymer backbone provides increased structure to the lathering,structured surfactant composition at low levels of polymer structurant.

Preferred associative polymers comprise about C16 (cetyl)alkylhydrophobic side chains with about 0.7% hydrophobic modification, butthe percentage hydrophobic modification can be up to the aqueoussolubility limit in surfactant compositions, e.g., up to 2% or 5% or10%. An exemplary preferred associative polymer is Aqupec SER-300 madeby Sumitomo Seika of Japan, which is Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylatecrosspolymer and comprises stearyl side chains with less than about 1%HM. Other preferred associative polymers comprise stearyl, octyl, decyland lauryl side chains. Preferred associative polymers are AqupecSER-150 (acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylates crosspolymer) comprising aboutC18 (stearyl) side chains and about 0.4% HM, and Aqupec HV-701EDR whichcomprises about C8 (octyl) side chains and about 3.5% HM. Anotherpreferred polymer is Stabylen 30 manufactured by 3V Sigma S.p.A., whichhas branched isodecanoate hydrophobic associative side chains.Importantly, inventors have discovered not all crosslinked, associativepolymers are effective, and many are deleterious to structure.Associative polymers having hydrophobe side chains with fewer than 7carbons and having % HM greater than about 25% or about 50% aredispreferred. For example, Carbopol Aqua SF-1 (crosslinked acrylatescopolymer) having average 4.5 carbon alkyl side chains and more than 50%HM is deleterious to structure as demonstrated by the exampleshereinbelow.

Deposition Polymers

The personal care compositions of the present invention can additionallycomprise an organic cationic deposition polymer in the one or morephases as a deposition aid for the benefit agents described herein.Suitable cationic deposition polymers for use in the compositions of thepresent invention contain cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such asquaternary ammonium moieties. Nonlimiting examples of cationicdeposition polymers for use in the personal cleansing compositioninclude polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives.Preferred cationic cellulose polymers are the salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referredto in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10 which are available fromAmerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) in their Polymer KG, JR and LR seriesof polymers with the most preferred being KG-30M. Other suitablecationic deposition polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives, suchas guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, specific examples of whichinclude the Jaguar series (preferably Jaguar C-17) commerciallyavailable from Rhodia Inc., and N-Hance polymer series commerciallyavailable from Aqualon.

In one embodiment, the deposition polymers of the present invention havea cationic charge density from about 0.8 meq/g to about 2.0 meq/g,alternatively from about 1.0 meq/g to about 1.5 meq/g.

Water

The surfactant phase of the present invention also comprises water. Inone embodiment, the surfactant phase of the personal care compositioncomprises from about 10% to about 90%, alternatively from about 40% toabout 85%, alternatively from about 60% to about 80% by weight water.

Benefit Phase

The personal care compositions of the present invention comprise abenefit phase. The benefit phase in the present invention is preferablyhydrophobic or essentially anhydrous and can be substantially free ofwater. The benefit phase can be substantially free or free ofsurfactant.

The benefit phase typically comprises benefit agents. Benefit agentsinclude water insoluble or hydrophobic benefit agents. The benefit phasemay comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, preferably from about 1% toabout 30%, more preferably from about 5% to about 30%, by weight of thepersonal care composition, of a benefit agent.

The hydrophobic skin benefit agent for use in the benefit phase of thecomposition has a Vaughan Solubility Parameter (VSP) of from about 5 toabout 15, preferably from about 5 to less than 10. These solubilityparameters are well known in the formulation arts, and are defined byVaughan in Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 103, p 47-69, October 1988.

Non-limiting examples glycerides suitable for use as hydrophobic skinbenefit agents herein include castor oil, soy bean oil, derivatizedsoybean oils such as maleated soy bean oil, safflower oil, cotton seedoil, corn oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almondoil, avocado oil, palm oil and sesame oil, vegetable oils, sunflowerseed oil, and vegetable oil derivatives; coconut oil and derivatizedcoconut oil, cottonseed oil and derivatized cottonseed oil, jojoba oil,cocoa butter, and combinations thereof.

Non-limiting examples of acetoglyceride esters suitable for use ashydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include acetylatedmonoglycerides.

Non-limiting examples of alkyl esters suitable for use as hydrophobicskin benefit agents herein include isopropyl esters of fatty acids andlong chain esters of long chain (i.e. C10-C24) fatty acids, e.g. cetylricinoleate, non-limiting examples of which include isopropyl palmitate,isopropyl myristate, cetyl riconoleate and stearyl riconoleate. Otherexamples are: hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, myristyl myristate,isohexyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate,decyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisohexyladipate, dihexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, acyl isononanoatelauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, and combinationsthereof.

Non-limiting examples of alkenyl esters suitable for use as hydrophobicskin benefit agents herein include oleyl myristate, oleyl stearate,oleyl oleate, and combinations thereof.

Non-limiting examples of polyglycerin fatty acid esters suitable for useas hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include decaglyceryldistearate, decaglyceryl diisostearate, decaglyceryl monomyriate,decaglyceryl monolaurate, hexaglyceryl monooleate, and combinationsthereof.

Non-limiting examples of lanolin and lanolin derivatives suitable foruse as hydrophobic skin benefit agents herein include lanolin, lanolinoil, lanolin wax, lanolin alcohols, lanolin fatty acids, isopropyllanolate, acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohols, lanolinalcohol linoleate, lanolin alcohol riconoleate, and combinationsthereof.

Non-limiting examples of silicone oils suitable for use as hydrophobicskin benefit agents herein include dimethicone copolyol,dimethylpolysiloxane, diethylpolysiloxane, mixed C₁-C₃₀ alkylpolysiloxanes, phenyl dimethicone, dimethiconol, and combinationsthereof. Preferred are non-volatile silicones selected from dimethicone,dimethiconol, mixed C₁-C₃₀ alkyl polysiloxane, and combinations thereof.Nonlimiting examples of silicone oils useful herein are described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,011,681 (Ciotti et al.).

Still other suitable hydrophobic skin benefit agents include milktriglycerides (e.g., hydroxylated milk glyceride) and polyol fatty acidpolyesters.

Still other suitable hydrophobic skin benefit agents include wax esters,non-limiting examples of which include beeswax and beeswax derivatives,spermaceti, myristyl myristate, stearyl stearate, and combinationsthereof. Also useful are vegetable waxes such as carnauba and candelillawaxes; sterols such as cholesterol, cholesterol fatty acid esters; andphospholipids such as lecithin and derivatives, sphingo lipids,ceramides, glycosphingo lipids, and combinations thereof. Also suitablebenefit agents include glycerol monooleate.

Skin Actives and Solid Particles

The compositions may optionally comprise the following skin benefitingredients for enhanced delivery of these benefit materials on skin.

A) Desquamation Actives

Desquamation actives enhance the skin appearance benefits of the presentinvention. For example, the desquamation actives tend to improve thetexture of the skin (e.g., smoothness). One desquamation system that issuitable for use herein contains sulfhydryl compounds and zwitterionicsurfactants and is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,681,852, to Bissett.Preferred concentrations of desquamation actives range from about 0.1%to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 5%, even morepreferably from about 0.5% to about 4%, by weight of the personalcleansing composition.

Another desquamation system that is suitable for use herein containssalicylic acid and zwitterionic surfactants and is described in U.S.Pat. No. 5,652,228 to Bissett. Zwitterionic surfactants such asdescribed in these applications are also useful as desquamatory agentsherein, with cetyl betaine being particularly preferred.

B) Anti-Wrinkle Actives/Anti-Atrophy Actives

Anti-wrinkle actives or anti-atrophy actives include sulfur-containing Dand L amino acids and their derivatives and salts, particularly theN-acetyl derivatives. A preferred example of which isN-acetyl-L-cysteine; thiols, e.g. ethane thiol; hydroxy acids (e.g.,alpha-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid and glycolic acid orbeta-hydroxy acids such as salicylic acid and salicylic acid derivativessuch as the octanoyl derivative), phytic acid, lipoic acid;lysophosphatidic acid, and skin peel agents (e.g., phenol and the like).

Hydroxy acids as skin active agents herein include salicylic acid andsalicylic acid derivatives, preferred concentrations ofanti-wrinkle/anti-atrophy actives range from about 0.01% to about 50%,more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, even more preferably fromabout 0.5% to about 2%, by weight of the personal cleansing composition.

Other non-limiting examples of suitable anti-wrinkle actives for useherein are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,217,888, issued to Oblong et al.

C) Anti-Oxidants/Radical Scavengers

Non-limiting examples of anti-oxidants or radical scavengers for useherein include ascorbic acid and its salts, ascorbyl esters of fattyacids, ascorbic acid derivatives (e.g., magnesium ascorbyl phosphate,sodium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl sorbate), tocopherol, tocopherolacetate, other esters of tocopherol, butylated hydroxy benzoic acids andtheir salts, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid(commercially available under the tradename Trolox®), gallic acid andits alkyl esters, especially propyl gallate, uric acid and its salts andalkyl esters, sorbic acid and its salts, lipoic acid, amines (e.g.,N,N-diethylhydroxylamine, amino-guanidine), sulfhydryl compounds (e.g.,glutathione), dihydroxy fumaric acid and its salts, lycine pidolate,arginine pilolate, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, bioflavonoids, curcumin,lysine, methionine, proline, superoxide dismutase, silymarin, teaextracts, grape skin/seed extracts, melanin, and rosemary extracts maybe used. The preferred concentrations range from about 0.1% to about10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, by weight of thepersonal cleansing composition.

D) Chelators

The term “chelating agent” or “chelator” refers to those skin activeagents capable of removing a metal ion from a system by forming acomplex so that the metal ion cannot readily participate in or catalyzechemical reactions.

The chelating agents as skin active agents for use herein are preferablyincluded at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 10%, morepreferably from about 1% to about 5%, by weight of the personalcleansing composition. Non-limiting examples of suitable chelatingagents are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,884, issued Jan. 30, 1996 toBissett et al.; International Publication No. 91/16035, Bush et al.,published Oct. 31, 1995; and International Publication No. 91/16034,Bush et al., published Oct. 31, 1995.

A preferred chelating agent for use in the compositions of the presentinvention includes disodium EDTA, and derivatives thereof.

E) Anti-Cellulite Agents

Non-limiting examples of anti-cellulite agents include xanthinecompounds such as caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, aminophylline,and combinations thereof. Anti-cellulite agents are preferably includedat concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferablyfrom about 1% to about 5%, by weight of the personal cleansingcomposition.

F) Tanning Actives

Non-limiting examples of such tanning agents include dihydroxyacetone,which is also known as DHA or 1,3-dihydroxy-2-propanone. Tanning activesare preferably included at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% toabout 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, by weight of thepersonal cleansing composition.

G) Skin Lightening Agents

Non-limiting examples of skin lightening agents suitable for use hereininclude kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid and derivatives thereof(e.g., magnesium ascorbyl phosphate or sodium ascorbyl phosphate), andextracts (e.g., mulberry extract, placental extract). Non-limitingexamples of skin lightening agents suitable for use herein also includethose described in WO 95/34280, WO 95/07432, and WO 95/23780. Skinlightening agents are preferably included at concentrations ranging fromabout 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, byweight of the personal cleansing composition.

H) Skin Soothing and Skin Healing Actives

Non-limiting examples of skin soothing or skin healing actives suitablefor use herein include panthenoic acid derivatives (e.g., panthenol,dexpanthenol, ethyl panthenol), aloe vera, allantoin, bisabolol, anddipotassium glycyrrhizinate. Skin soothing and skin healing actives arepreferably included at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, by weight of thepersonal cleansing composition.

I) Antimicrobial Actives

Non-limiting examples of antimicrobial actives for use herein includesβ-lactam drugs, quinolone drugs, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin,tetracycline, erythromycin, amikacin, 2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether, 3,4,4′-trichlorobanilide, phenoxyethanol, phenoxypropanol, phenoxyisopropanol, doxycycline, capreomycin, chlorhexidine,chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, clindamycin, ethambutol, hexamidineisethionate, metronidazole, pentamidine, gentamicin, kanamycin,lineomycin, methacycline, methenamine, minocycline, neomycin,netilmicin, paromomycin, streptomycin, tobramycin, miconazole,tetracycline hydrochloride, erythromycin, zinc erythromycin,erythromycin estolate, erythromycin stearate, amikacin sulfate,doxycycline hydrochloride, capreomycin sulfate, chlorhexidine gluconate,chlorhexidine hydrochloride, chlortetracycline hydrochloride,oxytetracycline hydrochloride, clindamycin hydrochloride, ethambutolhydrochloride, metronidazole hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride,gentamicin sulfate, kanamycin sulfate, lineomycin hydrochloride,methacycline hydrochloride, methenamine hippurate, methenaminemandelate, minocycline hydrochloride, neomycin sulfate, netilmicinsulfate, paromomycin sulfate, streptomycin sulfate, tobramycin sulfate,miconazole hydrochloride, ketaconazole, amanfadine hydrochloride,amanfadine sulfate, octopirox, parachlorometa xylenol, nystatin,tolnaftate, zinc pyrithione, clotrimazole, and combinations thereof.Antimicrobials are preferably included at concentrations ranging fromabout 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 1% to about 5%, byweight of the personal cleansing composition.

J) Sunscreen Actives

Non-limiting examples of sunscreen actives, either organic or inorganicfor use herein are described below. Among the inorganic sunscreensuseful herein are metallic oxides such as titanium dioxide having anaverage primary particle size of from about 15 nm to about 100 nm, zincoxide having an average primary particle size of from about 15 nm toabout 150 nm, zirconium oxide having an average primary particle size offrom about 15 nm to about 150 nm, iron oxide having an average primaryparticle size of from about 15 nm to about 500 nm, and mixtures thereof.

The concentration of the sunscreen active for use in the compositionpreferably ranges from about 0.1% to about 20%, more typically fromabout 0.5% to about 10%, by weight of the composition. Exact amounts ofsuch sunscreen actives will vary depending upon the sunscreen orsunscreens chosen and the desired Sun Protection Factor (SPF).

A wide variety of conventional organic sunscreen actives are alsosuitable for use herein, non-limiting examples of which includep-aminobenzoic acid, its salts and its derivatives (ethyl, isobutyl,glyceryl esters; p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid); anthranilates (i.e.,o-amino-benzoates; methyl, menthyl, phenyl, benzyl, phenylethyl,linalyl, terpinyl, and cyclohexenyl esters); salicylates (amyl, phenyl,octyl, benzyl, menthyl, glyceryl, and di-pro-pyleneglycol esters);cinnamic acid derivatives (menthyl and benzyl esters, a-phenylcinnamonitrile; butyl cinnamoyl pyruvate); dihydroxycinnamic acidderivatives (umbelliferone, methylumbelliferone,methylaceto-umbelliferone); trihydroxy-cinnamic acid derivatives(esculetin, methylesculetin, daphnetin, and the glucosides, esculin anddaphnin); hydrocarbons (diphenylbutadiene, stilbene); dibenzalacetoneand benzalacetophenone; naphtholsulfonates (sodium salts of2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic and of 2-naphthol-6,8-disulfonic acids);di-hydroxynaphthoic acid and its salts; o- andp-hydroxybiphenyldisulfonates; coumarin derivatives (7-hydroxy,7-methyl, 3-phenyl); diazoles (2-acetyl-3-bromoindazole, phenylbenzoxazole, methyl naphthoxazole, various aryl benzothiazoles); quininesalts (bisulfate, sulfate, chloride, oleate, and tannate); quinolinederivatives (8-hydroxyquinoline salts, 2-phenylquinoline); hydroxy- ormethoxy-substituted benzophenones; uric and violuric acids; tannic acidand its derivatives (e.g., hexaethylether); (butyl carbotol) (6-propylpiperonyl)ether; hydroquinone; benzophenones (oxybenzene, sulisobenzone,dioxybenzone, benzoresorcinol, 2,2′,4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone,2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone, octabenzone;4-isopropyldibenzoylmethane; butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane; etocrylene;octocrylene; [3-(4′-methylbenzylidene bornan-2-one), terephthalylidenedicamphor sulfonic acid and 4-isopropyl-di-benzoylmethane. Among thesesunscreens, preferred are 2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate (commerciallyavailable as PARSOL MCX), 4,4′-t-butyl methoxydibenzoyl-methane(commercially available as PARSOL 1789),2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, octyldimethyl-p-aminobenzoic acid,digalloyltrioleate, 2,2-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone,ethyl-4-(bis(hydroxy-propyl))aminobenzoate,2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-salicylate,glyceryl-p-aminobenzoate, 3,3,5-tri-methylcyclohexylsalicylate,methylanthranilate, p-dimethyl-aminobenzoic acid or aminobenzoate,2-ethylhexyl-p-dimethyl-amino-benzoate, 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonicacid, 2-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-5-sulfonicbenzoxazoic acid, octocryleneand combinations thereof.

K) Solid Particulates

The compositions of the present invention may comprise a solid particle.Nonlimiting examples of the solid particles include: interferencepigment, multi-layered pigment, metallic particle, solid and liquidcrystals, or combinations thereof.

An interference pigment is a pigment with pearl gloss prepared bycoating the surface of a particle substrate material with a thin film.The particle substrate material is generally platelet in shape. The thinfilm is a transparent or semitransparent material having a highrefractive index. The high refractive index material shows a pearl glossresulting from mutual interfering action between reflection and incidentlight from the platelet substrate/coating layer interface and reflectionof incident light from the surface of the coating layer. Theinterference pigments of the multi-phased personal care compositionspreferably comprises no more than about 20 weight percent of thecomposition, more preferably no more than about 10 weight percent, evenmore preferably no more than about 7 weight percent, and still morepreferably no more than about 5 weight percent of the multi-phasedpersonal care composition. The interference pigment of the multi-phasedpersonal care composition preferably comprises at least about 0.1 weightpercent of the multi-phased personal care composition, more preferablyat least about 0.2 weight percent, even more preferably at least about0.5 weight percent, and still more preferably at least about 1 weightpercent by weight of the composition. When pigment is applied and rinsedas described in the Pigment Deposition Tape Strip Method as described incopending application Ser. No. 60/469,075 filed on May 8, 2003, thedeposited pigment on the skin is preferably at least 0.5 μg/cm2, morepreferably at least 1 μg/cm2, and even more preferably at least 5μg/cm2. In an embodiment of the present invention the interferencepigment surface is either hydrophobic or has been hydrophobicallymodified. The Particle Contact Angle Test as described in applicationSer. No. 60/469,075 filed on May 8, 2003 is used to determine contactangle of interference pigments. The greater the contact angle, thegreater the hydrophobicity of the interference pigment. The interferencepigment of the present invention possess a contact angle of at least 60degrees, more preferably greater than 80 degrees, even more preferablygreater than 100 degrees, still more preferably greater than 100degrees. The hydrophobically modified interference pigment or HMIPallows for the entrapment of the HMIP within the phases and greaterdeposition of the HMIP. Preferably the ratio of HMIP to a phase is 1:1to about 1:70, more preferably 1:2 to about 1:50, still more preferably1:3 to about 1:40 and most preferably 1:7 to about 1:35.

In an embodiment of the present invention the HMIP's are preferablyentrapped within the benefit phase. This necessitates that the benefitphase particle size is generally larger than the HMIP. In a preferredembodiment of the invention, the benefit phase particles contain only asmall number of HMIPs per benefit particles. Preferably this is lessthan 20, more preferably less than 10, most preferably less than 5.These parameters, the relative size of the benefit droplets to the HMIPand the approximate number of HMIP particles per benefit particles, canbe determined by using visual inspection with light microscopy.

The HMIP and the benefit phase can be mixed into the composition via apremix or separately. For the case of separate addition, the hydrophobicpigments partition into the benefit phase during the processing of theformulation. The HMIP of the present invention preferably has ahydrophobic coating comprising no more than about 20 weight percent ofthe total particle weight, more preferably no more than about 15 weightpercent, even more preferably no more than about 10 weight percent. TheHMIP of the present invention preferably has a hydrophobic coatingcomprising at least about 0.1 weight percent of the total particleweight, more preferably at least about 0.5 weight percent, even morepreferably at least about 1 weight percent. Nonlimiting examples of thehydrophobic surface treatment useful herein include silicones, acrylatesilicone copolymers, acrylate polymers, alkyl silane, isopropyl titaniumtriisostearate, sodium stearate, magnesium myristate, perfluoroalcoholphosphate, perfluoropolymethyl isopropyl ether, lecithin, carnauba wax,polyethylene, chitosan, lauroyl lysine, plant lipid extracts andmixtures thereof, preferably, silicones, silanes and stearates. Surfacetreatment houses include US Cosmetics, KOBO Products Inc., and CardreInc.

L) Anti-Dandruff Agents

The shampoo compositions of the present invention may also contain ananti-dandruff agent. Suitable, non-limiting examples of anti-dandruffagents include: pyridinethione salts, specifically the zinc salt of1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (known as “zinc pyridinethione” or “ZPT”),azoles, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, keratolytic acid,salicylic acid, octopirox (piroctone olamine), coal tar, andcombinations thereof. In one aspect, the anti-dandruff agents typicallyare pyridinethione salts. Such anti-dandruff agents should be physicallyand chemically compatible with the essential components of thecomposition, and should not otherwise unduly impair product stability,aesthetics or performance.

Pyridinethione anti-dandruff agents are described, for example, in U.S.Pat. No. 2,809,971; U.S. Pat. No. 3,236,733; U.S. Pat. No. 3,753,196;U.S. Pat. No. 3,761,418; U.S. Pat. No. 4,345,080; U.S. Pat. No.4,323,683; U.S. Pat. No. 4,379,753; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,470,982. It iscontemplated that when ZPT is used as the anti-dandruff particulate inthe compositions herein, that the growth or re-growth of hair may bestimulated or regulated, or both, or that hair loss may be reduced orinhibited, or that hair may appear thicker or fuller.

Optional Ingredients

While not essential for the purposes of the present invention, thenon-limiting list of materials, in addition to the previously disclosed,optional materials, illustrated hereinafter are suitable for use in thepersonal care composition, and may be desirably incorporated in certainembodiments, for example to assist or enhance cleansing performance, fortreatment of the skin, or to modify the aesthetics of the personal carecomposition as is the case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like.Optional materials useful in the products herein are categorized ordescribed by their cosmetic and/or therapeutic benefit or theirpostulated mode of action or function. However, it is to be understoodthat the active and other materials useful herein can, in someinstances, provide more than one cosmetic and/or therapeutic benefit orfunction or operate via more than one mode of action. Therefore,classifications herein are made for the sake of convenience and are notintended to limit an ingredient to the particularly stated applicationor applications listed. The precise nature of these optional materials,and levels of incorporation thereof, will depend on the physical form ofthe composition and the nature of the cleansing operation for which itis to be used. The optional materials are usually formulated at lessthan about less than about 6%, less than about 5%, less than about 4%,less than about 3%, less than about 2%, less than about 1%, less thanabout 0.5%, less than about 0.25%, less than about 0.1%, less than about0.01%, less than about 0.005% of the personal care composition.

To further improve stability under stressful conditions such as hightemperature and vibration, it is preferable to adjust the densities ofthe separate phases such that they are substantially equal. To achievethis, low density microspheres can be added to one or more phases of thepersonal care composition, preferably the structured surfactant phase.Personal care composition that comprises low density microspheres aredescribed in a patent application published on May 13, 2004 under U.S.Patent Publication No. 2004/0092415A1 entitled “Striped Liquid PersonalCleansing Compositions Containing A Cleansing Phase and A Separate Phasewith Improved Stability,” filed on Oct. 31, 2003 by Focht, et al.

Other non limiting optional ingredients that can be used in the personalcare composition of the present invention can comprise an optionalbenefit component that is selected from the group consisting ofthickening agents; preservatives; antimicrobials; fragrances; chelators(e.g. such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,884 issued toBisset, et al.); sequestrants; vitamins (e.g. Retinol); vitaminderivatives (e.g. tocophenyl actetate, niacinamide, panthenol);sunscreens; desquamation actives (e.g. such as those described in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,681,852 and 5,652,228 issued to Bisset);anti-wrinkle/anti-atrophy actives (e.g. N-acetyl derivatives, thiols,hydroxyl acids, phenol); anti-oxidants (e.g. ascorbic acid derivatives,tocophenol) skin soothing agents/skin healing agents (e.g. panthenoicacid derivatives, aloe vera, allantoin); skin lightening agents (e.g.kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid derivatives) skin tanning agents(e.g. dihydroxyacteone); anti-acne medicaments; essential oils;sensates; pigments; colorants; pearlescent agents; interference pigments(e.g such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,395,691 issued to LiangSheng Tsaur, U.S. Pat. No. 6,645,511 issued to Aronson, et al., U.S.Pat. No. 6,759,376 issued to Zhang, et al, U.S. Pat. No. 6,780,826issued to Zhang, et al.) particles (e.g. talc, kolin, mica, smectiteclay, cellulose powder, polysiloxane, silicas, carbonates, titaniumdioxide, polyethylene beads) hydrophobically modified non-plateletparticles (e.g. hydrophobically modified titanium dioxide and othermaterials described in a commonly owned, patent application published onAug. 17, 2006 under Publication No. 2006/0182699A, entitled “PersonalCare Compositions Containing Hydrophobically Modified Non-plateletparticle filed on Feb. 15, 2005 by Taylor, et al.) and mixtures thereof.In one aspect, the multiphase personal care composition may comprisefrom about 0.1% to about 4%, by weight of the multiphase personal carecomposition, of hydrophobically modified titanium dioxide.

Other optional ingredients are most typically those materials approvedfor use in cosmetics and that are described in the CTFA CosmeticIngredient Handbook, Second Edition, The Cosmetic, Toiletries, andFragrance Association, Inc. 1988, 1992.

Test Methods

The current invention utilizes a number of test methods to determinevarious metrics of structure. The methodology for these tests andassociated examples are illustrated below.

Determining Degree of Complexation.

The degree of complexation for each PRM=[Total fragrance in BCD-freefragrance]/[Total fragrance]*100%

Determining the Total Fragrance in BCD

1 g of sample was placed in a 125 ml square bottle with 50 mls (39.25 g)acetone, sample heated at 70 C for 5 hours and then shaken for 1 hourprior to filtering and injection. Analyzed using gas chromatography—massspectroscopy.

Diphenyl oxide was used as internal standard (800 mg in 1 liter ofacetone).

Determining the Uncomplexed Fragrance in BCD

0.2 g of sample was placed in a 20 ml vial, extract with 10 mls of THFgently for 10 inversions.

Determining the Degree of BCD-PRM Complex Retention in Neat Body WashProduct

-   -   BCD-PRM complex is prepared where the degree of complexation is        greater than 90%.    -   Control product: Body wash with a free fragrance    -   Test product: Same body wash with equivalent total fragrance all        coming from BCD-PRM complex

Degree of complex retention is determined by the average ratio of theheadspace concentration of all PRMs above the test product over thecontrol product.

If the ratio is one, the degree of complex retention is zero as all PRMsare released from the BCD and the test body wash product behaves thesame as the control product.

If the ratio is zero, the degree of complex retention is one as all PRMsare complexed with the BCD, there are no PRMs released from the product.

Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME)-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry(“GC-MS”) was used to measure the relative level of perfume rawmaterials in the headspace of products. 1.0 grams of the control andtest product are placed into clean 20 ml headspace vials and allowed toequilibrate for at least 2 hours at room temperature.

The samples are then analyzed using the MPS2—SMPE-GC-MS analysis system(GC-02001-0153, MSD-02001-0154, MPS2-02001-0155).

Apparatus:

-   1. 20 ml headspace vial-   2. Timer.-   3. Gas Chromatograph (GC): Agilent model 6890 with a CIS-4 injector    (Gerstel, Mulheim, Germany) and MPS-2 Autosampler and TDU. For SPME    analysis, we used the split/splitless injector (not the CIS-4    injector).-   4. GC column: J&W DB-5 MS, 30 M×0.25 mm ID, 1.0 □m film thickness    obtained from J&W Scientific of Folsom, Calif., USA.-   5. Carrier gas, helium, 1.5 ml/min. flow rate.-   6. The injector liner is a special SPME liner (0.75 mm ID) from    Supelco.-   7. The Detector is a model 5973 Mass Selective Detector obtained    from Agilent Technologies, Inc., Wilmington, Del., USA having a    source temperature of about 230° C., and a MS Quad temperature of    about 150° C.

Analysis Procedure:

-   -   1. Transfer sample to proper sample tray and proceed with        SPME-GC-MS analysis.    -   2. Start sequence of sample loading and analysis. In this step,        the sample is allowed to equilibrate for at least two hours on        the auto sampler tray, then sampled directly from the tray. The        SPME fiber assembly is DVB/CAR/PDMS (50/30 um, 24 ga, 1 cm        length). Sampling time is 5 minutes.    -   3. Injector temperature is at 260 C.    -   4. Then GC-MS analysis run is started. Desportion time is 5        minutes.    -   5. The following temperature program is used:        -   i) an initial temperature of about 50° C. which is held for            3 minutes,        -   ii) increase the initial temperature at a rate of about 6°            C./min until a temperature of about 250° C. is reached, then            25° C./min to 275° C., hold at about 275° C. for 4.67            minute.    -   6. Perfume compounds are identified using the MS spectral        libraries of John Wiley & Sons and the National Institute of        Standards and Technology (NIST), purchased and licensed through        Hewlett Packard.    -   7. Chromatographic peaks for specific ions are integrated using        the Chemstation software obtained from Agilent Technologies,        Inc., Wilmington, Del., USA.    -   8. The ratio for each PRM is taken as the ratio of the peak area        for the perfume raw material in product A vs. product B    -   9. The average ratio is calculated as the average of the ratio        obtained in step 8 for all perfume raw materials.

Determining the Average Ratio of Diluted Over Neat HeadspaceConcentration for all Perfume Products (“ARDON”) Value

Headspace GC-MS is used to measure the differences of perfumes in thediluted product (1:10 water dilution) headspace vs. in the neatheadspace. Table 2 illustrates the results of ARDON testing.

2 Grams of Product in 20 mls HS Vial

TABLE 2 BCD or BCD- Sample description Perfume ARDON 1 Body Wash Chassiswith BCD Yes 179% ± 25% complex 2 Body Wash Chassis with free No 117% ±12% perfume 3 Commercially available Body Wash No 102% 1* Irish SpringBody Wash 4 Commercially available Body Wash No  86% 2** Dial Body Wash

Zero Shear Viscosity and Young's Modulus Methods

The Zero Shear Viscosity of a material which is a phase or a compositionof the present composition, can be measured either prior to combining inthe composition, after preparing a composition, or first separating aphase or component from a composition by suitable physical separationmeans, such as centrifugation, pipetting, cutting away mechanically,rinsing, filtering, or other separation means.

A controlled stress rheometer such as a TA Instruments AR2000Rheometeris used to determine the Zero Shear Viscosity. The determination isperformed at 25° C. with the 4 cm diameter parallel plate measuringsystem and a 1 mm gap. The geometry has a shear stress factor of 79580m-3 to convert torque obtained to stress. Serrated plates can be used toobtain consistent results when slip occurs.

First the material is positioned on the rheometer base plate, themeasurement geometry (upper plate) is moved into position 1.1 mm abovethe base plate. Excess material at the geometry edge is removed byscraping after locking the geometry. The geometry is then moved to thetarget 1 mm position above the base plate and a pause of about 2 minutesis allowed to allow loading stresses to relax. This loading procedureensures no tangential stresses are loaded at the measurement onset,which can influence results obtained. If the material comprisesparticles discernible to the eye or by feel (beads, e.g.) which arelarger than about 150 microns in number average diameter, the gapsetting between the base plate and upper plate is increased to thesmaller of 4 mm or 8-fold the diameter of the 95th volume percentileparticle diameter. If a phase has any particle larger than 5 mm in anydimension, the particles are removed prior to the measurement.

The measurement is performed by applying a continuous shear stress rampfrom 0.1 Pa to 1,000 Pa over a time interval of 4 minutes using alogarithmic progression, i.e., measurement points evenly spaced on alogarithmic scale. Thirty (30) measurement points per decade of stressincrease are obtained. If the measurement result is incomplete, forexample if material is observed to flow from the gap, results obtainedare evaluated with incomplete data points excluded. If there areinsufficient points to obtain an accurate measurement, the measurementis repeated with increased number of sample points.

The Young's Modulus (Pa) is obtained by graphing the Stress (Pa) vs.Strain (unitless) and obtaining the slope of the regression line of theinitial linear region between Stress vs. Strain, typically occurring inthe region below about 4% strain. If the relationship is not linear, thelinear regression line slope below 2% strain is taken as the Young'sModulus (Pa), using unitless strain.

The Zero Shear Viscosity is obtained by taking a first median value ofviscosity in Pascal-seconds (Pa-sec) for viscosity data obtained betweenand including 0.1 Pa and the point where viscosity begins to steeplydecline. After taking the first median viscosity, all viscosity valuesgreater than 5-fold the first median value and less than 0.2× the medianvalue are excluded, and a second median viscosity value is obtained ofthe same viscosity data, excluding the indicated data points. The secondmedian viscosity so obtained is the Zero Shear Viscosity.

Compositions of the present invention have a Zero Shear Viscosity of atleast about 100 Pa-s, alternatively at least about 300 Pa-s,alternatively at least about 500 Pa-s, alternatively at least about 1000Pa-s, alternatively at least about 1500 Pa-s, alternatively at leastabout 2000 Pa-s.

Compositions of the present invention have a Young's Modulus of at leastabout 2 Pa, alternatively at least about 5 Pa, alternatively at leastabout 10 Pa, alternatively at least about 20 Pa, alternatively at leastabout 30 Pa, alternatively at least about 40 Pa, alternatively at leastabout 50 Pa, alternatively at least about 75 Pa.

Ultracentrifugation Method

The Ultracentrifugation Method is a physical method used to determineamount of structure in a composition or a subset of a composition. Themethod is also used to determine the rate at which a structuredsurfactant composition dissolves upon dilution to present effectiveamounts of surfactant to the cleaning environment proximal to surfaces.

A composition is separated by ultracentrifuge into separate butdistinguishable layers. The multiphase personal care composition of thepresent invention can have multiple distinguishable layers (e.g., astructured surfactant layer, and a benefit layer).

First, dispense about 4 grams of composition into a Beckman CentrifugeTube (11×60 mm) to fill the tube. Next, dilute the composition to a 10%Dilution Level using 90% of the composition and 10% DI water using anappropriate mixer and dispense the same amount of composition into acompanion centrifuge tube. Continue to dilute the composition and filltubes in the same manner until a 60% Dilution Level is obtained for thecomposition using 40% of the composition with 60% DI water. Place thecentrifuge tubes in an ultracentrifuge (Beckman Model L8-M orequivalent) using a sling rotor and ultracentrifuge using the followingconditions: 50,000 rpm, 2 hours, and 40° C.

Measure the relative phase volumes of the phases the composition bymeasuring the height of each layer using an Electronic Digital Caliper(within 0.01 mm) Layers are identified by those skilled in the art byphysical observation techniques paired with chemical identification ifneeded. For example, the structured surfactant layer is identified bytransmission electron microscopically (TEM), polarized light microscopy,and/or X-ray diffraction for the present invention as a structuredlamellar phase comprising multilamellar vesicles, and the hydrophobicbenefit layer is identified by its low moisture content (less than 10%water as measured by Karl Fischer Titration). The total height H_(a) ismeasured which includes all materials in the ultracentrifuge tube. Next,the height of each layer is measured from the bottom of the centrifugetube to the top of the layer, and the span of each layer algebraicallydetermined by subtraction. The benefit layer may comprise several layersif the benefit phase has more than one component which may phase splitsinto liquid and waxy layers, or if there is more than one benefitcomponent. If the benefit phase splits, the sum of the benefit layersmeasured is the benefit layer height, H_(b). Generally, a hydrophobicbenefit layer when present, is at the top of the centrifuge tube.

The surfactant phase may comprise several layers or a single layer,H_(e). There may also be a micellar, unstructured, clear isotropic layerat the bottom or next to the bottom of the ultracentrifuge tube. Thelayers immediately above the isotropic phase generally comprise highersurfactant concentration with higher ordered structures (such as liquidcrystals). These structured layers are sometimes opaque to naked eyes,or translucent, or clear. There may be several structured layerspresent, in which case H_(e) is the sum of the individual structuredlayers. If any type of polymer-surfactant phase is present, it isconsidered a structured phase and included in the measurement of H. Thesum of the aqueous phases is H.

Finally, the structured domain volume ratio is calculated as follows:

Structured Domain Volume Ratio=H_(c)/H_(s)*100%

If there is no benefit phase present, use the total height as thesurfactant layer height, H_(s)=H_(a). For the present invention, theStructured Domain Volume Ratio is the Lamellar Phase %. The measurementis made for each dilution prepared and centrifuged, i.e., the StructuredDomain Volume Ratio is determined for the composition, and for 90%, 80%,70% and 60% dilutions prepared as indicated above.

The highest amount of dilution (i.e., the lowest Dilution Level) whereinthe composition maintains at least 95% Lamellar Phase % is an indicatorof amount of structure for compositions having varying n values forSTnS.

In one embodiment, the highest dilution wherein the composition has atleast 95% lamellar phase is greater than about 15%, alternativelygreater than about 25%, alternatively greater than about 35%.

In one embodiment, the composition has a Structured Domain Volume Ratioof at least about 40%, alternatively at least about 45%, alternativelyat least about 50%, alternatively at least about 55%, alternatively atleast about 60%, alternatively at least about 65%, alternatively atleast about 70%, alternatively at least about 75%, alternatively atleast about 80%, alternatively at least about 85%, and alternativelygreater than about 90% by volume of the aqueous surfactant composition.

Ultracentrifugation Dilution Method

The Ultracentrifugation Dilution Method is a physical method used todetermine amount of structure in a composition at a certain point in itsdilution profile, which relates to the ability of the composition tolather. The Ultracentrifugation Dilution Method utilizes the resultsfrom the Ultracentrifugation Method at the 50% dilution point. Whenconsumers use surfactant compositions with an implement such as awashcloth or a Puff, about 10 ml of composition is typically dosed ontothe implement which can contain about 10 ml of water therein. Consumersagitate to generate lather, requiring the composition to rapidlydissolve at this dilution strength. The ability of structured surfactantcompositions to dissolve at 50% Dilution % is measured by the method.

The method is identical in all its details to the UltracentrifugationMethod. The result at 50% Dilution % is obtained for a composition andis expressed as the Diluted 50% Lamellar Phase Volume.

Results from the Ultracentrifugation Dilution Method parallel resultsobtained for the Dissolution Rate Test for the compositions of thecurrent invention comprising STnS, affirming the relationship betweenhigh structure and reduced lather, and vice versa, leading to improvedstability and use aesthetics within a narrower range of n values forSTnS. The ST0S composition of Example 4 being relatively unstructured,has low structure upon dilution, but is unsuitable for the purposes of astructured surfactant composition due to its inability to providerequisite stabilization to a composition based on its rheology. The ST3Scomposition of Example 1 has sufficient structure and dilutes rapidly tomicellar surfactants useful for lather and cleaning, butdisadvantageously these ST3S compositions cannot readily be formulatedinto compositions comprising reduced surfactant levels; they will alwaysremain costly, inefficient, environmentally less preferred, and lessmild. The ST1S composition of Example 3 has a Diluted 50% Lamellar PhaseVolume of 100%, which will result in poor lather and cleaningcharacteristics in many use modes. The ST2S composition of Example 2demonstrates versatility in that it has a high degree of structure yetdilutes sufficiently to provide a good lather result, the latherperformance supported by its Diluted 50% Lamellar Phase Volume value of70%. ST2S compositions can be prepared at reduced surfactant levels, forexample at 15%, or 12%, or 10% or 8% or even 6% surfactant and retainmany of the preferred features of the present invention.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the Diluted 50% LamellarPhase Volume for a composition of the present invention is less thanabout 90%, alternatively less than about 80%, alternatively less than75%.

Dissolution Rate Method

Structured compositions are prone to slow dissolution, hence poor lathercharacteristics and cleaning can result. Slowly dissolving structuredsurfactant phases are largely behind the development of the “Puff”implement many years ago, an agitating implement that encouragesdissolution, lather and cleaning. Lather and cleaning result from theability of aqueous surfactant molecules to diffuse to and stabilize airinterfaces and soil surfaces. When surfactants remain locked intolamellar or other organized structures, they are unable to diffuse inthe aqueous phase and so must first dissolve as individual surfactantmonomers and micelles in order to be effective. Dilution and agitationencourage dissolution during use. The Dissolution Rate Method measuresthe extent of dissolution of a surfactant composition in water.

A straight walled glass beaker is obtained having an inside diameter(i.d.) of 63 mm and an inside height of 87 mm, e.g. Pyrex 250 ml (No.1000) which are widely available. 150 grams of distilled water atambient temperature (75° F.) is poured into the beaker. A Teflon® coatedmagnetic stir bar is added to the beaker. The stir bar is nominally 1.5inches long× 5/16 inches diameter and octagonally shaped viewed from theend and has a 1/16 in. wide molded pivot ring around its center wherethe diameter is increased to about 0.35 in. Spinbar® magnetic stir barsare available from Sigma Aldrich Corp. worldwide including Milwaukee,Wis., USA and at www.sigmaaldrich.com.

Measure and record the Initial Water Conductivity of the water using aconductivity meter, e.g., a Mettler-Toledo SevenMulti meter withInLab740 probe, and record the value. The conductivity of the watershould be about 2 microSemens/cm (uS/cm) or less to indicate a low levelof dissolved solids present. Remove the conductivity probe from thewater and place the beaker onto a digitally controlled laboratorystirrer, for example Ika® Werke RET Control-visc available, e.g., fromDivTech Equipment Co, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. The beaker is centered onthe stirrer and the stirrer is turned on to obtain a constant rotationspeed of 500 rpm, establishing a vortex in the water which measuresabout 3 cm depth from highest point of water at the beaker edge tolowest point of air at the vortex center. Observe the vortex from aboveto ensure it is centered in the beaker, and the magnetic stir barcentered at the vortex center.

Obtain a surfactant phase and fill it into a 1 ml syringe withoutentrapping air. The syringe has a diameter of about 1.9 mm at the tip(e.g., BD 1 ml tuberculin slip tip, Becton, Dickinson and Co., FranklinLakes, N.J., USA). Inject the surfactant phase in a steady stream ontothe top surface of the water near the beaker edge but not touching thebeaker edge. The composition should be injected in about 1 second. Begina timer and allow the composition to stir for 30 seconds.

Turn off the stirrer. Insert the conductivity probe into the water in alocation away from any undissolved solids. Allow the measurement tostabilize and take a conductivity reading and record the Conductivity.

Turn the stirrer back on. Restart the timer as the digital readoutpasses 250 rpm. After an additional 30 seconds elapsed time, turn offthe stirrer and measure the conductivity in the same manner as previous.Record the Conductivity.

Turn the stirrer back on. Restart the timer as the digital readoutpasses 250 rpm. After an additional 60 seconds elapsed time, turn offthe stirrer and measure the conductivity in the same manner as previous.Record the Conductivity.

Remove the probe from the water without disturbing any remaining solids.Cap the beaker with a suitable watertight cover, e.g., plastic wrap anda rubber band. Shake the beaker vigorously for about 30 seconds todissolve remaining solids, using a vortex type agitator in addition ifnecessary.

Uncap the beaker, measure conductivity and record the value as the FinalConductivity.

The Dissolution % at each time point is calculated according to thefollowing equation:

Dissolution %=100%×(Conductivity−Initial Water Conductivity)(FinalConductivity−Initial Water Conductivity)

Repeat the measurement as needed to obtain a representative averagevalue.

At the 60 second time point, compositions of the present invention havea Dissolution % of at least about 60%, alternatively at least about 70%,alternatively at least about 80%. At the 120 second time point,compositions of the present invention have a Dissolution % of at leastabout 80%, alternatively at least about 85%, alternatively at leastabout 90%, alternatively at least about 95%.

Third-Phase Method for Determining Structured Surfactant Stability

The “Third-Phase” Method is used to determine structured surfactantphase stability in a personal cleansing composition. The method involvesplacing the personal care compositions at 50° C. for 10 days for rapidaging. After rapid aging, transfer about 4 grams of the composition intoa Beckman Centrifuge Tube (11×60 mm) Place the centrifuge tube in aBeckman LE-80 Ultracentrifuge and operate the Ultracentrifuge under thefollowing conditions: 50,000 rpm, 2 hours, and @ 40 C.

After Ultracentrifugation, determine the third-phase volume by measuringthe height of various surfactant phases using an Electronic DigitalCaliper (within 0.01 mm).

The very top layer is hydrophobic benefit phase layer (hydrocarbons orsoybean oil etc.). The layers below the hydrophobic benefit phase layerscontain surfactant/water are determined in the following: H_(a) is theheight of all layers containing surfactant/water and H_(b) is the heightof the clear “third-phase” layer just below the hydrophobic benefitphase layer. It is important to record the readings within 30 mins afterthe Ultracentrifugation is finished to minimize material migrationacross different layers. The third phase volume is calculated as:Third-phase Volume %=H_(b)/H_(a)*100%

Preferably, the structured surfactant composition comprises less than10% “third-phase” volume after rapid aging stability protocol. Morepreferably, the structured surfactant composition comprises less than 5%“third-phase” volume after rapid aging stability protocol. Morepreferably, the structured surfactant composition comprises less than 2%“third-phase” volume after rapid aging stability protocol. Even morepreferably, the structured surfactant composition comprises less than 1%“third-phase” volume after rapid aging protocol. Most preferably, thestructured surfactant composition comprises about 0% “third-phase”volume after rapid aging protocol.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm”.

It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation giventhroughout this specification will include every lower numericallimitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were expresslywritten herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout thisspecification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if suchhigher numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Everynumerical range given throughout this specification will include everynarrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range,as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, inrelevant part, incorporated herein by reference; the citation of anydocument is not to be construed as an admission that it is prior artwith respect to the present invention. To the extent that any meaning ordefinition of a term in this written document conflicts with any meaningor definition of the term in a document incorporated by reference, themeaning or definition assigned to the term in this written documentshall govern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have beenillustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in theart that various other changes and modifications can be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is thereforeintended to cover in the appended claims all such changes andmodifications that are within the scope of this invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A cleansing composition comprising: a. at least5% of a surfactant, b. at least about 25% water, c. a cyclodextrincomplex comprising a perfume, said perfume comprising a pluralaity ofperfume raw materials, at least one of which is selected fromIso-E_Super, methyl ionone, a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, LabienoneOxim, Cashmeran, delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone,Damascenone,_trans-, and alpha-Damascone wherein 80% of the plurality ofperfume raw materials comprise a FDV of at least 0.69.
 2. The cleansingcomposition of claim 1, wherein the FDV is at least about 0.80.
 3. Thecleaning composition of claim 1, wherein the surfactant comprises sodiumtrideceth sulfate.
 4. The cleansing composition of claim 1, furthercomprising at least one uncomplexed perfume.
 5. The cleaning compositionof claim 1, further comprising zinc pyrithione.
 6. A cleansingcomposition for delivering a dilution triggered bloom of a perfumecomprising: a. at least 5% of a surfactant, b. at least about 25% waterc. a cyclodextrin complex comprising a perfume, said perfume comprisingperfume raw materials, at least one of which comprises a FDV of at leastabout 0.69 wherein the ratio of water to cyclodextrin complex is betweenabout 15:1 and 1:1 wherein the cleansing composition comprises a ARDONvalue of at least 130%.
 7. The cleansing composition of claim 6, whereinthe ARDON value is at least about 140%
 8. The cleaning composition ofclaim 6, wherein the surfactant comprises sodium trideceth sulfate. 9.The cleansing composition of claim 8, further comprising at least oneuncomplexed perfume.
 10. The cleaning composition of claim 6, furthercomprising zinc pyrithione.
 11. The cleansing composition of claim 6,further comprising at least one uncomplexed perfume.
 12. The cleansingcomposition of claim 6, wherein the perfume raw materials comprise atleast one of which is selected from Iso-E_Super, methyl ionone, a-Irone,gamma_methyl_ionone, Labienone Oxim, Cashmeran, delta-damascone,beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone, Damascenone,_trans-, andalpha-Damascone.
 13. A cleansing composition comprising: a. at least 5%of a surfactant, b. at least about 25% water, c. a cyclodextrin complexcomprising a perfume, said perfume comprising a pluralaity of perfumeraw materials, at least one of which is selected from Iso-E_Super,methyl ionone, a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, Labienone Oxim, Cashmeran,delta-damascone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone, Damascenone,_trans-,and alpha-Damascone wherein 80% of the plurality of perfume rawmaterials comprise a FDV of at least 0.69, wherein the ratio of water tocyclodextrin complex is between about 15:1 and 1:1 wherein the cleansingcomposition comprises a ARDON value of at least 130%.
 14. The cleansingcomposition of claim 13, wherein the ARDON value is at least about 140%15. The cleaning composition of claim 13, wherein the surfactantcomprises sodium trideceth sulfate.
 16. The cleansing composition ofclaim 13, further comprising at least one uncomplexed perfume.
 17. Thecleaning composition of claim 13, further comprising zinc pyrithione.18. The cleansing composition of claim 13, further comprising at leastone uncomplexed perfume.
 19. A cleansing composition comprising: a. atleast 5% of a surfactant, b. at least about 25% water, c. a cyclodextrincomplex comprising a perfume, said perfume comprising a pluralaity ofperfume raw materials, at least one of which is selected fromIso-E_Super, methyl ionone, a-Irone, gamma_methyl_ionone, LabienoneOxim, Cashmeran, delta-damas cone, beta-Ionone, Dihydro-beta-ionone,Damascenone,_trans-, and alpha-Damascone wherein the cyclodextrincomplex has a degree of complexation of at least 90% prior toincorporation into the cleansing composition.
 20. A cleansingcomposition comprising: a. at least 5% of a surfactant, b. at leastabout 25% water, and c. a cyclodextrin complex comprising menthol. 21.The cleansing composition of claim 20, wherein the cyclodextrin complexhas a degree of complexation of at least 90% prior to incorporation intothe cleansing composition.
 22. The cleansing composition of claim 20,further comprising at least one anti-dandruff agent.
 23. The cleansingcomposition of claim 22, wherein the at least one anti-dandruff agent isa pyridinethione salt.